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Country Briefing : Australia

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Full country name:

Australia

Area:

7.69 million sq km

Population:

19.6 million

Capital city:

Canberra

Currency:

Australian dollars (A$)

Language:

English, native languages

Electricity:

Standard Australia power is 240 volts at 50 Hertz.

Religion:

Anglican 26.1%, Roman Catholic 26%, other Christian 24.3%, non-Christian 11%, other 12.6%

Government:

democratic, federal-state system recognizing the British monarch as sovereign

Time:

Australia has three time zones:
East: GMT + 10
Central: GMT + 9.5
West: GMT + 8

Economy - overview:

Australia has an enviable Western-style capitalist economy, with a per capita GDP on par with the four dominant West European economies. Rising output in the domestic economy has been offsetting the global slump, and business and consumer confidence remains robust. Australia's emphasis on reforms, low inflation, and growing ties with China are other key factors behind the economy's strength. The impact of drought, weak foreign demand, and strong import demand pushed the trade deficit up to $14 billion in 2003 and to $11 billion in 2004 from $5 billion in 2002. One other concern is the domestic housing bubble.

Traveller's Cheques & Credit Cards:

Visa and MasterCard are very widely accepted. Larger establishments and specialty shops in cities and tourist areas generally accept American Express and Diners Club. JCB cards are generally limited to hotels and restaurants with a significant Japanese clientele; some taxi companies also accept them.

Climate:

Sydney is in the southern Temperate Zone and does not suffer extremes of cold or heat. Seasons in Australia are the reverse of North America and Europe. Summer is December to February, Autumn is March to May, Winter is June to August, and Spring is September to November.

Environment:

soil erosion from overgrazing, industrial development, urbanization, and poor farming practices; soil salinity rising due to the use of poor quality water; desertification; clearing for agricultural purposes threatens the natural habitat of many unique animal and plant species; the Great Barrier Reef off the northeast coast, the largest coral reef in the world, is threatened by increased shipping and its popularity as a tourist site; limited natural fresh water resources